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Durio zibethnus is mainly distributed in Southeast Asia. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that durian shells have the effects of clearing heat and purging fire, nourishing yin and moisturizing dryness. Therefore, it is often used as a pharmaceutic food in the Chinese folk to assist treating diseases. At present, the chemical constituents isolated from durian shell include phenolic acids, phenolic glycosides, flavonoids, coumarins, triterpenes, simple glycosides and other compounds. Modern pharmacological studies show that durian shell has many pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. The chemical composition and pharmacological effects of durian shells are summarized in order to provide references for the further research and application of durian shell.
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Objective:To explore the effect of modified Chaiqin Wendantang on blood glucose level and gastrointestinal dysfunction in patients with diabetic gastroparesis (DGP) of weak spleen and stomach. Method:A total of 138 patients with DGP of weak spleen and stomach in Hainan Provincial Fourth People's Hospital from February 2017 to March 2019 were enrolled, and divided into two groups according to the random number table methods. Both groups received the routine treatment. In addition to this, study group received Chaiqin Wendantang, while control group received domperidone tablets. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores, blood glucose, gastrointestinal function, hemorheology index, gastric emptying function and gastric electrical activity, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scale and clinical efficacy were compared. Result:After treatment, TCM symptom scores and total scores decreased (P<0.05), levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2 hours postprandial blood glucose (2 h PBG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) decreased (P<0.05), serum motilin (MOT) and gastrin (GAS) levels increased (P<0.05), cholecystokinin (CCK) levels decreased (P<0.05), gastric emptying time shortened, frequency, amplitude and rhythm increased (P<0.05), PSQI score decreased (P<0.05), and whole blood viscosity (WBV) and fibrinogen (FIB) levels decreased (P<0.05), all of those changes were more obvious in study group than control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate in study group was higher than that in control group (P<0.05). During the treatment period, there were no obvious adverse reactions in study group, while there were 2 cases of transient dizziness and headache in control group, which were relieved after several seconds. The recurrence rate in study group was lower than that in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion:Modified Chaiqin Wendantang can effectively ameliorate the symptoms of gastric retention, improve sleep quality, control blood glucose levels, and improve hemodynamics for DGP of weak spleen and stomach patients. Besides, it can improve the gastrointestinal function by reducing serum CCK levels, so as to stimulate the secretion of MOT and GAS, increase gastric motility, shorten gastric emptying time, and promote the recovery of gastric electrical activity. With a high safety and low recurrence rate, it has clinical application value.
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On December 14, 2017, a faculty member of a university in Hunan Province reported that an anthrax vaccine strain might have recovered virulence during an undergraduate experiment and potential exposure could not be ruled out for the students involved. Upon receiving the case report, the CDC, health bureaus, and local governments at the county, prefectural, and provincial levels promptly organized experts in different fields (including epidemiologists, biosafety experts, and laboratory testing experts) for case investigation, evaluation, and response. As the investigation results showed, no virulence recovery was identified in the involved anthrax vaccine strain; and no contamination of Bacillus anthracis was detected at the involved areas. Thus, the university returned to normal functioning.
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Humans , Anthrax Vaccines , Bacillus anthracis , Virulence , China , Containment of Biohazards , Laboratories , VirulenceABSTRACT
Human lipocalin 6 (hLCN6) is an epididymis-specific secretory protein. It binds to sperm and plays important role in sperm maturation. To explore the feasibility for isolating spermatozoa from mixed cells using anti-hLCN6 monoclonal antibody-conjugated immunomagnetic beads (anti-hLCN6 IMBs) and establish a new method for the separation of sperms from mixed stains, 2 sets of 30 cases of cell mixture suspensions and stains containing different proportions of sperm and epithelial cells were prepared. Biotin-labeled anti-hLCN6 monoclonal antibody (mAb) was incubated with the cell mixtures, and the spermatozoa were then isolated with avidin-coated IMBs. Sperm DNA was extracted and analyzed by PCR-STR typing. Differential lysis was also conducted to compare the effect of the two different isolation methods. The dissociation constant (Kd) of anti-hLCN6 mAb was 3.47×10⁻⁹ mol/L measured by ELISA. Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays showed that hLCN6 was detectable on sperm cells and mainly located on the post-acrosomal region of the sperm head, but not in epithelial cells. Anti-hLCN6 IMBs could capture and separate the sperm cells successfully. Microscopic observation showed that the IMBs could bind to the head of sperm specifically. The success rate of STR typing (more than 13 STR loci, RFU>200) was 90% when the number of sperm cells was 10³/mL and 100% when the sperm cells number was equal to or more than 10⁴/mL. When the number of sperm cells was 10³/mL, 10⁴/mL and 10⁵/mL in mixed stain samples, the success rate of STR typing were 40%, 90% and 100%, respectively. Taken together, the anti-hLCN6 immunomagnetic beads (IMB) method described here could be effective for the isolation of sperm from mixed cells, and the success rate was higher than that of the traditional differential lysis strategy. IMB sorting is a simple and efficient method for the separation of sperms from sperm and epithelial cell mixture, and can be utilized as a supplementary method for forensic mixture samples analysis in sexual assault cases.
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Humans , Male , Cell Separation , DNA , Immunomagnetic Separation , Lipocalins , Polymerase Chain Reaction , SpermatozoaABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the influences of drop components on the"coffee ring" test of DNA. Methods The DNA-EB drops containing SDS, NaCl, etc, were evaporated on glass slides. After evaporation, the fluorescent Deposition Pattern (DP) and Integrated Optical Density (IOD) was acquired with a gel imaging system. The dose-effect relationship was analyzed. Result When the non-DNA components concentration is low, the DP was still characteristiced by peripheral rings, subtle component-specific differences, such as tree-ring like structure and radial crack, existed. At high concentrations, DP was various, which may be ring + scattered dots (NaCl), central spot + small weak ring (SDS), concentric/tree-ring (TritonX-100) or ring + spot (H+), et al. Non-DNA components had little effect on IOD(0.5~2 times). Conclusion Non-DNA components in DNA-EB drops influences both the DP and IOD, but rough estimation of DNA concentrations is still effective. Moreover, analyzing the DP can provide more informations about sample purity and residue.
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Objective To explore the feasibility of "coffee ring" effect in DNA high-throughput evaluation. Methods we mixed uniformly DNA solution and EB solution, then dripped different size of droplets on 5 kinds of substrates. After evaporation, the coffee ring was observed and photographed with LG2020 gel imaging analysis system. Analyzed the correlation among ring formation conditions,ring fluorescence intensity and DNA concentration, and looked for the sensitivity and applicable range of the method. Result DNA - EB solution can form fluorescent ring after surface evaporation on the slide, transparent polystyrene plate carrier and so on. The DNA detection limit can be up to 2ng/μl. DNA concentration and loop integral optical density fitting Logistic equation(R2=0,999) within 2ng/μl~1000ng/μl. Conclusion The coffee ring method is simple, fast and low equipment requirement,which can be used for high-throughput evaluation of DNA solution.
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Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a group of significantly clinically and genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorders, which are predominantly characterized by progressive lower limbs weakness and spasticity inducing gait abnormalities or disorders. In practice, based on the modes of inheritance, it can be divided into autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, X-linked and mitochondrial maternal inheritance. According to whether the clinical manifestations complicated or not, HSP can be divided into pure and complex form. To date, mutations in 78 distinct loci and 59 mutated gene products have been identified or reported in patients with HSP; among them 20 distinct loci and 13 mutated gene products have been found in autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia. This is a review about the genetic characteristics and research progress of autosomal dominant HSP.
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Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a group of significantly clinically and genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorders, which are predominantly characterized by progressive lower limbs weakness and spasticity, and spastic paraplegia type 4 (SPG4) is the most common type among them. So far, mutations in 78 distinct loci and 59 mutated genes have been identified in patients with HSP. The protein spastin coded by the SPAST gene plays a critical role in regulating length, number and activity of microtubules, as well as the occurrence and development of various organelles. It is generally believed that the mutated spastin leads to partial or total loss of the function, which is the main pathogenetic mechanism. While recent studies have also suggested that there may exist acquired neurotoxic effects of mutant proteins by the two isoforms (M1, M87) coded by the SPAST gene, which is also one of the critical mechanisms. In this paper, the pathogenesis of SPG4 was reviewed.
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Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a group of significantly clinically and genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorders, which are predominantly characterized by progressive lower limbs weakness and spasticity, and spastic paraplegia type 4 (SPG4) is the most common type among them. So far, mutations in 78 distinct loci and 59 mutated genes have been identified in patients with HSP. The protein spastin coded by the SPAST gene plays a critical role in regulating length, number and activity of microtubules, as well as the occurrence and development of various organelles. It is generally believed that the mutated spastin leads to partial or total loss of the function, which is the main pathogenetic mechanism. While recent studies have also suggested that there may exist acquired neurotoxic effects of mutant proteins by the two isoforms (M1, M87) coded by the SPAST gene, which is also one of the critical mechanisms. In this paper, the pathogenesis of SPG4 was reviewed.
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Objective To explore the feasibility of hemochrome identification by micro spectrophotometer. Methods We use dip lotion by Centrifugation, reaction with modiifed takayama reagent,measured absorption spectra with a micro spectrophotometer to determine whether samples contain blood. On the basis of optimized parameters, we use diluted human hemoglobin to measure sensitivity of the method; using suspected blood / blood spots, and different storage time and matrix of blood spots to measure speciifcity and samples of adaptability. Result With micro spectroscopic method of hemochromogen,only blood (spot) has speciifc spectral consisting of three absorption peaks at 415,525 and 555nm and no cross suspected common blood / spot.Reaction 2 min, sample volume2.5ul, 1000-fold diluted human blood stably obtains primordial spectrum. By prolonging the immersion time, set the vehicle control, 10 years old blood gauze. Blood stains in colored cloth can be effective detective.. The height of absorption peaks and blood content were significantly corelated, and the change in absorbance at 525 and 555nm consistent trend (y=0.5232x+0.0274, R2=0.9971). Conclusion Micro spectroscopic method of hemochromogen has high sensitivity and speciifcity, quick and easy, can be incorporated into the DNA testing process. There is a good prospect in the actual seizure case. Instead of the traditional crystallization method for teaching, training requirements more in line with the skills and awareness for current students.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Lyme disease and Human granulocytic anaplasmosis are tick-borne diseases caused by Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum respectively. We have investigated infection and co-infection of the two diseases in the population of forest areas of eight provinces in China by measuring seroprevalence of antibodies against B. burgdorferi and A. phagocytophilum.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forest areas in 8 provinces were chosen for investigation using whole sampling and questionnaire survey methods. 3 669 serum samples from people in the forest areas were tested for the presence of antibodies by indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seroprevalence against B. burgdorferi was 3% to 15% and against A. phagocytophilum was 2% to 18% in the study sites in the 8 provinces in China. We also found co-infection of B. burgdorferi and A. phagocytophilum in 7 of the 8 provinces (the exception being the Miyun area in Beijing). The seroprevalence for both B. burgdorferi and A. phagocytophilum was significantly higher among people exposed to ticks than among people who were not exposed to ticks.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>We conclude that both pathogens are endemic in the forest areas in the eight provinces, but the prevalence of B. burgdorferi and A. phagocytophilum differs between the provinces.</p>
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Adolescent , Adult , Animals , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Anaplasma phagocytophilum , Virulence , Anaplasmosis , Blood , Epidemiology , Borrelia burgdorferi , Virulence , China , Coinfection , Lyme Disease , Blood , Epidemiology , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Tick-Borne Diseases , Blood , Epidemiology , TreesABSTRACT
Objective To inactivate Death-associated protein kinase 1 gene (DAPK1) by transfecting complementary methylated oligonucleotides and studies its effect on the proliferation of myelogenous leukemia cell line K562. Methods Methylated oligonucleotides complementary to DAPK1 gene promoter were transfected into K562 cells by Iipo2000. Methylation specific PCR (MSP) and Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) were applied to detect DAPK1 gene promoter methylation status and its mRNA expressions respectively. MTT was used to detect the proliferation of K562 cells pre- and post- oligonucleotides transfection. Results DAPK1 gene promoter in non-treated and control groups were unmethylated with detectable mRNA expressions, but it became methylated with inhibited mRNA expressions after methylated oligonucleotide transfection. Proliferation in methylated oligonucleotide treatment group was significantly higher than that in non-treated and control groups. Conclusion Complementary methylated oligonucleotides could inactivate DAPK1 gene and inhibit its expression in K562 cells, which could promote its proliferation.